Jawaban Tugas Kuliah Modul Keterampilan Berbahasa Indonesia Sekolah Dasar

Latihan (1)

• Pendapat saya, semua masalah bisa untuk dijadikan perbincangan tidak ada salahnya, apalagi masalah yang merupakan kepentingan bersama, itu perlu karena negara kita ini adalah negara demokrasi setiap orang berhak untuk mengutarakan pendapat, gagasan serta ide. Contoh masalah yang sangat sering kita dengar menjadi perbincangan adalah pileg, pilgup dan pilpres. Itu semua yang akan menjadi perbincangan yang sangat besar untuk masyarakat karena menyangkut kemajuan negara. 

• Salah satu contoh persoalan sipil militer, mengapa masyarakat masih terlalu riskan untuk memperbincangkan masalah tersebut padahal hal itu juga termasuk masalah negara ? karena masyarakat kita masih melihat bahwa masih terjalin keharmonisan antara militer dengan masyarakat yang ada di sekitarnya. Perlu kita pahami bahwa militer adalah bagian tak terpisahkan dari masyarakat. Bahkan yang menjadi militer adalah seluruh rakyat yang sedang bertugas sebagai kekuatan bersenjata untuk membela negara. Berdialog, karena fungsi utama dialog adalah bertukar pikiran, mencapai mufakat atau merundingkan suatu masalah. Berdialog dapat dilakukan dimana saja, kapan saja, dan bahkan tentang apa saja. Berdialog dapat dilakukan sepanjang waktu bisa pagi, sore, bahkan malam.

• Hal-hal yang membedakan musyawarah dengan diskusi. (a). Dalam musyawarah ada istilah Voting, sedangkan dalam diskusi tidak ada. (b). Dalam musyawarah dipimpin oleh pinpinan sidang sedangkan dalam diskusi dipimpin oleh moderator. (c). Dalam musyawarah kesimpulan diambil dari perpaduan dari beberapa pendapat. Sedangkan diskusi kesimpulan diambil dari alasan yang masuk akal.

• Musyawarah merupakan suatu sistem pengambilan keputusan yang melibatkan banyak orang dengan mengakomodasi semua kepentingan sehingga tercipta satu keputusan yang di sepakati bersama dan dapat dijalankan oleh seluruh peserta yang mengikuti musyawarah. Selain itu, musyawarah dapat digunakan untuk mendapatkan solusi untuk menghadapi berbagai masalah dalam hidup bermasyarakat. Dengan musyawarah pengetahuan dan wawasan akan bertambah, serta melatih argumen.

• Dalam musyawarah dapat dilakukan sesuai dengan karakteristik masyarakat itu sendiri, ciri lain dari musyawarah yaitu bersifat kekeluargaan. Sedangkan diskusi hampir sama dengan musyawarah adalah suatu pertukaran pikiran, gagasan, pendapat antara dua orang atau lebih secara lisan dengan tujuan mencari kesepakatan atau kesepahaman gagasan atau pendapat. Dalam diskusi proses kesimpulan di laksanakan berdasarkan alasan yang masuk akal. Selain itu, kesimpulan diambil dari banyaknya persamaan pendapat.

• Cara mempersiapkan diri untuk berpidato. a. Menyiapkan bahan untuk pidato. b. Membuat naskah pidato. c. Pemilihan cara berpidato (metode naskah) d. Memerlukan latihan.

• Langkah-langkah pidato yang menarik perhatian pendengar adalah :

1. Langsung menyebutkan pokok persoalan. 

2. Melukiskan latar belakang masalah

3. Menghubungkan dengan peristiwa mutakhir atau kejadian yeng tengah menjadi pusat perhatian khalayak.

4. Menghubungkan dengan peristiwa yang sedang diperingati.

5. Menghubungkan dengan tempat komunikator berpidato.

6. Menghubungkan dengan suasana emosi yang tengah meliputi khalayak.

7. Menghubungkan dengan kejadian sejarah yang terjadi di masa lalu.

8. Menghubungkan dengan kepentingan vital pendengar.

9. Memberi pujian kepada khalayak atas prestasi mereka. 

10. Memulai dengan pertanyaan yang mengejutkan. 

11. Mengajukan pertanyaan provokatif dan serentetan pertanyaan.

12. Menyatakan kutipan. 

13. Menceritakan pengalaman pribadi. 

14. Mengisahkan cerita faktual, fikir atau situasi hipotesis. 

15. Menyatakan teori atau prinsip-prinsip yang diakui kebenarannya. 

16. Membuat humor.

Jika artikel ini kurang jelas atau mungkin masih ada pertanyaan yang perlu di tanyakan, anda bisa memberikan pertanyaan pada kolom komentar yang terdapat pada akhir artikel ini. Untuk mudah mendapatkan notifikasi terkait artikel pada situs https://www.situsartikel92.com. Silahkan klik tombol ikuti pada bagian kanan atas dari artikel ini. Karena akan menyajikan berbagai artikel yang menarik.

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IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON NATIONALISM

PRELIMINARY

A. Background

Globalization is a special phenomenon in human civilization that moves continuously in the global society and is part of the global human process. The presence of information technology and communication technology accelerates the acceleration of this globalization process. Globalization touches all the important aspects of life. Globalization creates new challenges and problems that must be answered, solved to take advantage of globalization for the benefit of life. Globalization certainly has an impact on the life of a country, including Indonesia. The impact of globalization includes positive and negative impacts in various fields of social, political, economic, and cultural life that will affect the spirit of realizing the values of nationalism. The spirit of nationalism is one of the main assets that must be owned by the Indonesian people in facing threats to national security, especially globalization.

Whether we realize it or not, nationalism has a great influence on the progress of a nation. Globalization is a term that is related to the increasing interdependence and interdependence between nations and people around the world through trade, investment, travel, and other forms of interaction so that national boundaries are biased. The word "globalization" is taken from the word global, which means universal. Globalization is a social process, or historical process, or a natural process that will bring all nations and countries in the world more and more bound to each other, to create a new order of life or unity by removing geographical, economic, and cultural boundaries of society. Therefore, we as students should be able to know what the impact of globalization is on the nationalism of the Indonesian nation.

B. Problem Formulation

The formulation of the problem of this scientific work is as follows:

1. How does globalization affect the spirit of Indonesian nationalism?

2. How to respond to the impact of globalization on the spirit of nationalism.

C. Purpose and Benefits

1. Writing purpose

The objectives of writing this scientific work are:

a. To find out the influence of globalization on Indonesian nationalism.

b. To find out how to respond to the impact of globalization on nationalism.

2. The benefits of writing

The benefits of this scientific work are:

a. Increase our understanding of the effects or impacts of globalization and how to overcome them.

b. For the author himself, this scientific work is useful for completing the subject of Citizenship Education and can apply the knowledge that has been obtained from learning the subject of Citizenship Education.

D. Writing Method

The method used in the preparation of this scientific work is the library study method, either from books or other supporting references

E. Systematics of Writing

In this scientific paper, the author will explain the results of observations about the facts that are happening now starting with an introductory chapter. This chapter covers the background of the problem, problem formulation, research objectives and benefits, research methods, and writing systematics. The next chapter describes the theoretical review of the problems raised and the discussion as well as conclusions and suggestions from the existing problems.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

A. Overview of Globalization

1. Definition of Globalization

Globalization is a term that is related to the increasing interdependence and interdependence between nations and people around the world through trade, investment, travel, popular culture, and other forms of interaction so that the boundaries of a country become increasingly narrow. Globalization is a process in which individuals, groups, and countries interact, depend, relate, and influence each other across national boundaries.

According to the origin of the word, the word "globalization" is taken from the word global, which means universal. Achmad Suparman stated that globalization is a process of making something (object or behavior) a characteristic of every individual in this world without being limited by the region. The following are some of the concepts of globalization according to experts:

a. Malcolm Waters, Globalization is a social process that results in geographical restrictions on socio-cultural conditions becoming less important, which are incarnated in people's consciousness.

b. Emanuel Richer, Globalization is a global network that simultaneously unites people who were previously dispersed and isolated into interdependence and world unity.

c. Thomas L. Friedman, Globalization is having ideological and technological dimensions. The technological dimension is capitalism and the free market, while the technological dimension is information technology that has united the world.

d. Princeton N. Lyman, Globalization is a very rapid growth of interdependence and relations between countries in the world in terms of trade and finance.

2. Globalization Process

The process of globalization was born from the development of science, transportation, and communication technology. Globalization will provide a new cultural style, have a broad impact on local cultural freedom and strengthen the domination of western culture in the culture of the society in developing countries through new colonialism, namely culture. However, we must prevent it because the nation's culture is the result of the legacy of our nation's ancestors which we must protect and preserve. One of the causes of the globalization era is the progress of science and technology, especially communication technology, such as print media technology and electronic media. 3 institutions play an important role in globalization, namely the Fund, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (WTO). Basically, these 3 major institutions have the task of stabilizing the world economy. United Nations agencies are public institutions. This is important to remember because the money that the IMF provides comes from taxes from people around the world.

3. Impact of Globalization

The existence of globalization brings benefits to mankind but there are also bad effects. The impacts of globalization include:

a. Impact of Globalization in the Social and Cultural Fields

The more global the various cultural values of the capitalists in the world community. The spread of western dress styles in developing countries. The proliferation of film and music production in the form of CD/ VCD or DVD pieces. The positive impact of globalization in the social field is that the younger generation can obtain the means that enable them to obtain information and relate more efficiently with a wider range. The negative impact is that the younger generation who are not ready for information with low resources will only imitate things that are not good such as forms of violence, brawls, painting on walls, and others. The existence of sophisticated facilities makes a person reluctant to connect with other people so that the sense of togetherness is much reduced.

b. The Impact of Globalization on the Economy

The positive impact of globalization in the economic field is being able to spur productivity and innovation of economic actors so that the products produced can compete with other products. In this era of globalization, it demands creative and productive people. Meanwhile, the negative impact is that it can lead to consumerism among the younger generation. So they are unable to meet the demands of the times because they are used to accepting technology and can only buy without making it. Globalization and market liberalism have offered alternatives for achieving a higher standard of living. The widening inequality of income distribution between rich countries and poor countries. The emergence of multinational and transnational companies. Opens up opportunities for the accumulation of wealth and business monopoly and political power to a few people. The emergence of world economic institutions such as the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, WTO.

c. Impact of Globalization on Culture and Politics

The state is no longer considered a key holder in the development process. Public policymakers in developing countries take developmental paths to address social and economic problems. The emergence of a wave of democratization (the desire for freedom).

4. Aspects of globalization

The development of globalization clearly has an impact on human culture. Many are clearly visible in the changes and shifts in people's lifestyles, namely:

a. Traditional agrarian to modern industrial society

b. Life based on togetherness becomes individualistic life

c. Slow life becomes fast-paced life

d. Life based on social values becomes consumerist becomes a materialist

e. A life that depends on nature becomes a life that dominates nature.

From this example, there are several kinds of influences on people's lives, divided into 2 aspects, namely:

1. Positive aspects

Some positive aspects of technological developments and the flow of globalization

> Fast-paced lifestyle

Technology provides time benefits for the community, for example in agriculture, farmers who initially harvested their rice every 6 months are now able to harvest every 3 months, then in the food sector, there are many ready-to-eat food products (all-instant).

> The Rapid Development of Information and Transformation

The benefits that can be obtained by the community with the development of information are numerous, for example with the internet you can seek knowledge for free and in abundance. In addition, the development of transformation technology is getting faster and more accurate, for example with the existence of airplanes we can travel faster.

> Utilization of Abundant Natural Resources

The utilization of natural resources will provide job opportunities for the community, for example, the utilization of gold resources by PT Freeport in Papua will provide employment opportunities for the Papuan people themselves.

2. Negative aspects

Technological developments also hurt community culture, these impacts are as follows:

> Shifting from an Agrarian Society to a Modern Industrial Society

Many modern industries have an impact on the need for a very large workforce so that people who initially worked as farmers turned to work as factory workers.

> Change from a life based on togetherness to a life of individualism.

This happens because of the busyness of society which is materialistic and forgets about their social life.

> The entry of western culture lifestyle.

The negative impact is the entry of western culture which is contrary to Eastern culture which is simple, polite, and courteous. The phenomenon of children fighting against their parents, students threatening teachers, fights between students, inappropriate clothing models, and the use of women's jewelry by men are deviant behaviors as a negative impact of the era of globalization and the unstoppable flow of information. Selo Sumardjan's opinion is that the rapid cultural changes that followed each other resulted in a prolonged atmosphere. An anomie atmosphere is an atmosphere when people who are undergoing cultural change do not know clearly which cultural values need to be adopted and which ones must be developed.

B. Overview of the Impact of Globalization on Nationalism

1. Definition of Nationalism

Definition of Nationalism. Nationalism is a political attitude of the people of a nation that has the same culture and region as well as the same ideals and goals, thus the people of a nation feel a deep loyalty to the nation itself. Likewise when we talk about nationalism. Nationalism is the soul of the Indonesian nation that will continue to be attached as long as the Indonesian nation still exists. Nationalism is not a narrow understanding, perhaps even richer today. The characteristics of nationalism above can be captured in several definitions of nationalism as follows:

1. Nationalism is love for the homeland, race, language, or shared cultural history.

2. Nationalism is a desire for political independence, safety, and national prestige.

3. Nationalism is a mystical devotion to an obscure, sometimes even supernatural social organism called the nation or the Volk whose unity is superior to its parts.

Nationalism is a dogma that teaches that individuals only live for the nation and the nation for the sake of the nation itself.

2. The Influence of Globalization on the Values of Nationalism of the Nation

The influence of globalization is in the form of positive and negative influences. Delivered:

a. The positive influence of globalization on the values of nationalism

1. Judging from political globalization, the government is run openly and democratically. Because government is part of a country if the government is run honestly, cleanly, and dynamically, it will certainly get a positive response from the people. The positive response in the form of a sense of nationalism towards the country is increasing

2. From the aspect of economic globalization, the opening of international markets, increasing employment opportunities, and increasing the country's foreign exchange. With this, it will improve the economic life of the nation which supports the national life of the nation

3. From socio-cultural globalization, we can imitate good thinking patterns such as a high work ethic and discipline and science and technology from other nations that have advanced to improve the progress of the nation which will ultimately advance the nation and will strengthen our sense of nationalism towards the nation.

b. The negative influence of globalization on the values of nationalism

1. Globalization can convince the Indonesian people that liberalism can bring progress and prosperity. So it is possible to change direction from the ideology of Pancasila to the ideology of liberalism. If this happens, the result will be the loss of the nation's sense of nationalism

2. From the economic aspect of globalization, the loss of love for domestic products due to a large number of foreign products (such as McDonald's, Coca-Cola, Pizza Hut, etc.) has flooded Indonesia. The loss of love for domestic products, it shows symptoms of a reduced sense of nationalism in our society towards the Indonesian nation.

3. Many of our people, especially young people, forget their identity as Indonesian people because their lifestyle tends to imitate western culture which is considered by the world community as a mecca.

4. Resulting in a sharp social gap between rich and poor, due to free competition in economic globalization. This can create a conflict between the rich and the poor which can disrupt the national life of the nation.

DISCUSSION

A. The Impact of Globalization on Nationalism of the Nation

One of the strong factors that continues to erode Indonesian nationalism is globalization. Globalization is a process of global social order and knows no boundaries. Globalization is essentially a process of ideas that are raised, then offered to be followed by other nations, which eventually comes to a point of mutual agreement and becomes a common guideline for nations around the world. (Edison A. Jamli et al. Citizenship. 2005). Globalization takes place in all areas of life such as the fields of ideology, politics, economy, socio-culture, defense and security, and others. Information and communication technology provides a very important role in the ongoing process of globalization. The presence of globalization certainly has an influence on the life of a country, including Indonesia. Globalization has a positive influence as well as a negative influence, where these influences do not directly affect nationalism. But overall it can cause a sense of nationalism towards the nation to be reduced or lost. Because globalization can open people's views globally. There are positive and negative impacts.

1. The Positive Impact of Globalization on Nationalism

a. Viewed from political globalization

The government is run openly and democratically. Because government is part of a country if the government is run honestly, cleanly, and dynamically, it will certainly get a positive response from the people. The positive response in the form of a sense of nationalism towards the state has increased.

b. From the aspect of economic globalization

The opening of international markets, increasing job opportunities, and increasing the country's foreign exchange. With this, it will improve the economic life of the nation that supports the national life of the nation.

c. From socio-cultural globalization

We can imitate good thinking patterns such as a high and disciplined work ethic and science and technology from other nations that have advanced to improve the progress of the nation which will ultimately advance the nation and will strengthen our sense of nationalism towards the nation.

2. The Negative Impact of Globalization on Nationalism

a. Globalization can give people a view that liberalism can bring good changes to them. So it is possible to change direction from the ideology of Pancasila to the ideology of liberalism. If this happens as a result the sense of nationalism will be lost.

b. From the economic aspect of globalization, the loss of love for domestic products due to a large number of foreign products (such as McDonald's, Coca-Cola, Pizza Hut, etc.) has flooded Indonesia. The loss of love for domestic products, it shows the symptoms of a reduced sense of nationalism in our society towards the Indonesian nation.

c. Many of our people, especially young people, forget their identity as Indonesian people because their lifestyle tends to imitate western culture

d. Resulting in a sharp social gap between rich and poor, due to free competition in economic globalization. If in a community there are only a few individuals who can follow the flow of modernization and globalization, it will deepen the gap between the individual and the stagnant other individuals. This can create a conflict between the rich and the poor which can disrupt the national life of the nation.

e. The emergence of an attitude of individualism that causes indifference between the behavior of fellow citizens. People feel facilitated by advanced technology, making them feel they no longer need other people in their activities. Sometimes they forget that they are social creatures. With individualism, people will not care about the life of the nation and state.

B. The Effect of Globalization on the Value of Nationalism Among the Young Generation

The current globalization has penetrated quickly into society, especially among young people. The influence of globalization on young people is also very strong. The influence of globalization has made many of our young people lose their personalities as Indonesians. This is indicated by the symptoms that appear in the daily lives of young people today. From the way we dress, many of our teenagers dress up like celebrities who tend to Western culture. They wear minimal clothes that reveal body parts that shouldn't be visible. In terms of how to dress, it is clearly not following our culture. Not to forget their hairstyles are painted in various colors. In short, people prefer to be someone else by hiding their identity. Not many teenagers want to preserve the nation's culture by wearing polite clothes according to the nation's personality. Internet technology is a technology that provides unlimited information and can be accessed by anyone. What's more, for young people, the internet has become their daily meal. If used properly, of course we get useful benefits. But if not, we will be at a loss. And now, many students and students are using it inappropriately. For example to open porn sites. It's not just the internet, there's another mandatory grip for them, namely cellphones. Social sense towards the community becomes non-existent because they prefer to be busy using cell phones.    

Judging from the attitude, many young people whose behavior does not know manners and tend to be indifferent do not have a sense of caring for the environment. Because globalization embraces freedom and openness so they act as they please. A real example is the existence of a motorcycle gang of young people who commit acts of violence that disturb the peace and comfort of the community. If the above influences are left unchecked, what will happen to the young generation? The morale of the nation's generation is damaged, anarchic actions arise between the young people. Its relationship with the value of nationalism will be reduced because there is no love for the nation's own culture and a sense of caring for the community. Whereas the younger generation is the future successor of the nation. What are the consequences if the nation's future does not have a sense of nationalism? Based on the analysis and description above, the negative effects of globalization outweigh the positive effects. Therefore, steps are needed to anticipate the negative influence of globalization on the value of nationalism.

C. How to Respond to the Negative Impacts of Globalization

At this time, one thing that needs to be addressed by the Indonesian people is the mentality of its citizens. A strong and consistent mental attitude as well as being able to explore oneself is one of the concrete forms needed by the Indonesian nation at this time. Currently, the Indonesian people are experiencing a period of adversity in the international world. The multidimensional crisis coupled with a prolonged economic crisis has caused Indonesia's mental turmoil and decline. The Indonesian nation, which in the past was famous for its exclusive and stunning culture and friendly people, supported by a very strategic geographical condition and blessed with fertile land, has now changed 180 degrees. This can not be separated from the mentality of the very weak supporters.

Globalization is an inevitable process. We cannot ignore and stop the process of globalization. So that the impact of globalization does not damage people's lives, we must know the positive side, so that we can use it in everyday life. The negative impact of globalization can affect our behavior in everyday life. For that, we must be able to determine attitudes in the face of globalization, especially from negative influences. Some examples of attitudes to deal with the negative impacts of globalization, for example:

1. Instilling and practicing the values of Pancasila as well as possible, especially by strengthening our faith in God Almighty.

2. Instill and implement religious teachings as well as possible.

3. Learn diligently to become a useful human being and be able to distinguish right and wrong behavior.

4. Strengthen the sense of national unity and integrity.

5. Fostering a strong spirit of nationalism, for example, the spirit of loving domestic products.

6. Consider every action so as not to harm yourself and others.

7. Spend time with useful activities.

8. Associating with people who have good morals and are not influenced by the environment and bad associations.

9. Realizing the rule of law, implementing and enforcing the law in the truest and fairest sense.

10. Selective towards the influence of globalization in the political, ideological, economic, socio-cultural fields of the nation.

With these anticipatory steps, it is hoped that it will be able to fend off the influence of globalization which can change the value of nationalism to the nation. So that we will not lose the nation's personality.

CLOSING

A. Conclusion

Globalization comes from the word global which means universal. Globalization is a process of global social order and knows no regional boundaries. Some argue that globalization is a social process, a historical process, or a natural process that will bring all nations and countries into increasingly strong ties to create a new order of life. The presence of globalization certainly has an influence on the life of a country, including Indonesia. Globalization has both positive and negative effects. These influences do not directly affect nationalism. But overall it can cause a sense of nationalism towards the nation to be reduced or even lost. The positive impact of globalization is that globalization causes a shift in people's values and attitudes from irrational to rational; the development of science and technology that makes it easier for people to carry out their activities and encourage them to think ahead; as well as a better standard of living and improve the standard of living of the community. Meanwhile, the negative impacts of globalization include: Globalization can convince the Indonesian people that liberalism can bring progress and prosperity; loss of love for domestic products due to a large number of foreign products; people forget their identity as Indonesian people because of their lifestyle tends to imitate western culture; the individualistic attitude that creates indifference between the behavior of fellow citizens; and social inequality.

      

The way to respond to the impact of globalization on nationalism is that we need to understand the importance of nationalism to maintain our integrity as the Indonesian nation. The Indonesian nation needs to fix the mentality of its citizens. A strong and consistent mental attitude is one of the concrete forms needed by the Indonesian nation at this time. The Indonesian nation must rise again with an even greater spirit of nationalism to face globalization. We also need to instill and practice the values of Pancasila as well as possible; strengthen the sense of national unity and integrity; be selective to the influence of globalization in all fields.

B. Suggestion

Globalization is unavoidable. If we avoid it will be a primitive human again. But you should be selective about the effects of globalization. Can distinguish which ones have a good influence and which ones have a bad influence on us. We must equip ourselves with strong personalities so that we are not easily influenced by the negative impacts of globalization. Instilling and practicing the values of Pancasila as well as possible, especially by strengthening our faith in God Almighty is the best way not to be easily influenced by the flow of globalization.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Dahlan, Saroji and Asy'ari. 2006. Citizenship Education. Jakarta: Erlangga. http://afand.alimita.com/post/detail/2761/dampak-positif-dan-impak-negatif–globalisasi-dan-modernisasi 

http://hankam.kompasiana.com/2010/09/24/nasionalisme-bangsa-vs-globalisasi/  

http://khukus.multiply.com/journal/item/28/NASIONALISM   

http://www.gusbud.web.id/2010/01/dampak-globalisasi-ekonomi-dan-unjuk.html  

http://www.google.com . the influence of globalization on Indonesian nationalism.

http://www.correyananta.com/2014/08/makalah-pkn-unjuk-dan-impplication.html 

http://tresnapamungkas.blogspot.com/2013/04/makalah-globalisasi.html 

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Kebiasaan Minum ini Dapat Melancarkan Diet Anda

Situsartikel92.com, Makanan mungkin bukan musuh besar Anda dalam pertempuran melawan lemak perut, bisa jadi itu disebabkan oleh cairan. Apa yang Anda minum dan seberapa banyak jumlah total kalori yang Anda konsumsi. Kalori tersebut dapat menyelinap pada tubuh Anda, karena kebanyakan orang hanya menghitung kalori dari makanan padat. Jadi, mengenali dan menyesuaikan kebiasaan minum Anda untuk mengurangi kalori dapat mempercepat penurunan berat badan Anda.

Rata-rata orang Indonesia mengonsumsi sekitar 22% kalori hariannya dari cairan. Jadi, katakanlah Anda makan rata-rata 2.400 kalori per hari (angka yang konservatif karena beberapa penelitian menyarankan rata-rata adalah 3.000, yang lain mengatakan hingga 3.600!). Dari semua itu, sebanyak 528 kalori yang bisa Anda kurangi dengan menghilangkan minuman manis dari rutinitas harian Anda.

Catat semua cairan yang Anda konsumsi pada hari-hari biasa dan hitung kalori untuk melihat berapa banyak yang dapat Anda hilangkan untuk memulai penurunan berat badan Anda. Mengadopsi kebiasaan minum sehat berikut akan membantu Anda.

Membiasakan minum smoothie sebagai pengganti makanan adalah cara lain untuk tubuh yang lebih ramping. Tapi Anda harus membuat hal itu benar. Kebanyakan orang melakukan dengan cara tidak benar. Mereka memadukan smoothie yang sangat tinggi kalori dan bahkan gula sehingga kontraproduktif terhadap penurunan berat badan, kata ahli diet.

Untuk memastikan bahwa smoothie yang Anda konsumsi benar-benar dirancang untuk mengisi kebutuhan tubuh Anda dan tidak sebaliknya, Anda harus memastikan itu semua memiliki cukup protein dan serat. Mengapa? karena idealnya adalah 20 gram protein dan setidaknya 5 gram serat. Saran ahli gizi Elise Harlow, RDN, pemilik The Flourishing Table. "Jika nutrisi ini diabaikan, smoothie Anda dapat menyebabkan peningkatan gula darah yang signifikan dan membuat Anda merasa lapar segera setelahnya," katanya.

Lewatkan Diet Soda

"Pemanis buatan telah menjadi produk makanan yang kontroversial selama bertahun-tahun," kata Trista Best, RD, ahli diet terdaftar di Balance One Supplements. "Kekhawatirannya adalah apakah pengurangan kalori dalam makanan kita sebanding dengan potensi efek sampingnya, mulai dari gas disertai kembung hingga iritasi gastrointestinal hingga berpotensi memicu kanker." Terlebih lagi, pemanis buatan sucralose yang umum mengurangi bakteri sehat di usus, yang membuat iritasi gastrointestinal lebih mungkin terjadi dan dapat berkontribusi pada penambahan berat badan.

Konsumsi Minuman Lain

Dengan memiliki air untuk hari itu, Anda akan cenderung menghindari cairan yang tinggi kalori. "Aturan praktis yang baik adalah minum setengah dari berat badan Anda, dalam ons cairan bebas kalori setiap hari," kata Samantha Presicci, RD, ahli gizi di FOND Bone Broth. "Dan saya selalu merekomendasikan elektrolit untuk membantu membantu hidrasi dan membantu tubuh Anda memanfaatkan dan menyerap air yang Anda minum dengan lebih baik."

Semakin banyak cairan yang Anda konsumsi, semakin sedikit makanan yang cenderung Anda makan. Penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa orang yang minum segelas air sebelum makan, artinya mengurangi asupan kalori mereka saat makan dan selama hari itu.

Beralih ke Teh Hijau

Semua teh tanpa pemanis adalah pilihan minuman yang sangat baik, tetapi ada salah satu mungkin yang sangat kuat dalam memulai diet Anda. Teh hijau. "Peneliti Jepang menemukan bahwa tingkat antioksidan khusus yang disebut polifenol terpolimerisasi yang ditemukan dalam teh hijau menghambat kemampuan tubuh untuk menyerap lemak sebanyak 20%," kata Kelly Choi, penulis The 7-Day Flat-Belly Tea Cleanse. 

Teh hijau dan teh putih juga mengandung senyawa tanaman tertentu yang disebut katekin seperti epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) yang telah ditunjukkan dalam penelitian untuk mendorong penurunan berat badan dan kehilangan lemak perut bila dikonsumsi secara teratur.

Terlebih lagi, teh ini mengandung kafein. Analisis studi yang diterbitkan dalam International Journal of Obesity, menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi EGCG dan kafein mungkin bertanggung jawab untuk meningkatkan metabolisme sebesar 5%.

Sekarang setelah kebiasaan minum Anda terkendali, lihat Kebiasaan Makan untuk Menurunkan Lemak Perut Seiring bertambahnya usia.

Jika artikel ini kurang jelas atau mungkin masih ada pertanyaan yang perlu di tanyakan, anda bisa memberikan pertanyaan pada kolom komentar yang terdapat pada akhir artikel ini. Untuk mudah mendapatkan notifikasi terkait artikel pada situs https://www.situsartikel92.com. Silahkan klik tombol ikuti pada bagian kanan atas dari artikel ini. Karena akan menyajikan berbagai artikel yang menarik.

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With Tool display Board Number Student Could Increase Learning Mathematics With Theory Operation Count Number Round

ABSTRACT

This classroom action research aims to improve students' understanding of learning mathematics with integer arithmetic operations. Held at SDN No 001 North Sebatik in the academic year 2017. In general, students do not like mathematics because it requires a high level of concentration. Other influencing factors include lack of parental attention, the sophistication of information technology in all fields that make them prefer to play games on the internet. The object of this research is class VI students, totaling 29 people. Students have difficulty in understanding the material above, with a score below the KKM 8 students, with a presentation of 27.5%. The teacher uses the Number Board Praga in groups, it appears that the increase in student understanding increases, so that the score below the KKM is only 5 students, with a percentage of 17%. With the addition of teaching aids for each individual, one tool, classical re-learning, the student's understanding increases drastically, the score below the KKM remains 2 with a percentage of 6.8%, the score is dominated by numbers 70 to 90 and some even get 100 even though only 2 people. The results showed an increase in students' understanding of integer arithmetic operations. Thus, the Number Board is a suitable teaching aid for learning mathematics with integer arithmetic operations.

Keywords: Understanding, work in a group, number board props

PRELIMINARY

A. Background of the problem

The modern world today cannot be separated from the sophistication of information technology in all fields, For example, television shows interesting things for children. Apart from that, mobile phones that contain fun games for children, as well as free internet cafes provide opportunities for children to play games. Of my 29 students, when asked who didn't study last night, almost all of them raised their hands. But when asked who likes to play games, So almost everyone raises their hand. Thus the willingness to learn is reduced. So that it affects the level of concentration of children when he is following learning in class.

Mathematics is one of the sciences that must be possessed by children because from it children can acquire numeracy skills and behave in their daily lives. To improve children's concentration and understanding in participating in teaching and learning activities, the teacher seeks to make teaching aids that are suitable for students' lives in an environment close to the market, so that the effect on students' interest in learning at home is reduced because some students mostly help their parents trade. To increase students' interest in mathematics, the teacher chooses to use a number board in learning mathematics about integer arithmetic operations.

B. Identification of problems

1. Children do not understand mathematics lessons with whole number arithmetic operations.

2. Attention does not focus when learning takes place

3. There are some students talking alone

C. Formulation of the problem

By using the number board visual aid, it can improve students' understanding of mathematics lessons with the material for counting operations on integers for class VI in the academic year 2017 at SDN 001 North Sebatik.

D. Learning Improvement Research Objectives

In accordance with the questions above, the goal to be achieved by the researcher is to increase students' understanding in working on mathematical problems regarding integer arithmetic operations using props in the form of a number board.

E. Benefits of Learning Improvement Research

1. For students, this research is useful to improve students' understanding of learning mathematics.

2. For teachers as researchers to improve professionalism and encourage researchers to carry out similar research.

3. For peer teachers to provide motivation and learning references by using models of teaching aids that are easy to make.

4. The existence of teachers conducting classroom action research in their respective classes will result in positive and quality changes.

5. For schools, research results can contribute ideas and information materials for schools in order to improve learning in schools in particular and other schools in general.

6. For the education office, it can be used as material for consideration and study material in curriculum development and programs to improve the quality of learning at a wider level.

LITERATURE REVIEW

A. Characteristics of Mathematics Lessons

As a knowledge, Mathematics has special characteristics, including abstract, deductive,  consistent,  hierarchical, and logical. Object mathematics is basically abstract, namely facts, draft, operation, and principle. Characteristics of mathematical abstraction along with other characteristics that are not simple, cause mathematics is not easy to learn, and in the end, many students are less interested in mathematics. Thus there is a need for a way so that mathematics is an interesting lesson, fun, and easier to understand.

B. Characteristics of elementary school students in learning mathematics

Elementary school students are in the age range from 7 to 12 years, At this stage, students are still thinking in the concrete operational phase. The ability that appears in this phase is the ability in the thought process to operate the rules of logic, although it is still tied to a concrete object.

In order for mathematics teaching to be interesting for students, Then a teacher starts with a challenging question, or with a game, or with a simulation.

C. The method used in mathematics lessons

Using suitable methods in teaching mathematics such as the cooperative learning model, Cooperatives encourage students to interact actively and positively in groups, then the lecture method, simulation or question, and answer

By choosing one method that is suitable for learning mathematics with integer arithmetic operations material, it is hoped that there will be an increase in students' understanding of the material

D. Props that are suitable for learning math operations counting integers.

To assist students in learning mathematics with integer arithmetic operations, There are several media (props) that can be used including ruler count, This tool can be made yourself from cardboard.

The ruler that will be used consists of two rulers with the same scale and consists of negative integers, zero, and positive integers. Example of using a ruler to add integers: 8 + (-3) =..........

Pair the number 8 on the bottom bar with the number 0 on the top bar, then look at the number -3 on the top rule it turns out to be paired with the number 5 on the bottom rule, so 8 + (-3) = 5

E. Student learning outcomes

Learning achievement is obtained from student learning outcomes which are measured using an evaluation tool which is usually called a learning achievement test. Meanwhile, the mathematics learning achievement proposed by Hudoyo (Hudoyo, 1990), is a description of the level of student mastery in mathematics learning achievement as seen in the scores obtained from the mathematics learning achievement test. Therefore, learning achievement can be achieved through a teaching and learning process that involves students and teachers.

To see the extent to which a person's learning outcomes and teacher's teaching success are required information that is supported by objective and adequate data about indicators of changes in behavior/behavior and personal behavior of students.

IMPLEMENTATION OF REPAIRS, PLACE, AND TIME, HELPING PARTY

A. Place and Time of Implementation

The improvement of learning was carried out in class V1 of SDN 00 1 North Sebatik. Mathematics subject from 15 May to 24 May of 2017.

The improvement learning schedule is as follows :

a. May 15, 2017, Maths subject 

b. May 24, 2017, Maths subject

B. Description

The first thing I did was to try to improve student learning outcomes with the subject of integer arithmetic operations. First, we identified the reasons why student learning outcomes in class V1 were unsatisfactory. The plans that we developed to improve student learning outcomes were using number line visual aids. We have made various improvements in the KBM from careful planning, to preparing materials that support learning in order to improve children's understanding. So that the results obtained by students have increased. After finishing the lesson, I did a reflection in order to prepare better student learning outcomes. The planning that I prepared from the RPP was more emphasized on improving the teaching aids, then in its implementation with discussion and group work so that students who do not understand can ask friends the group.

1. Planning

The planning taken is knowing or paying attention to the situation/situation in the classroom, arranging student seats so that they are calm and orderly, approaching students who are slow in completing practice questions, using varied examples so that students are interested, using real materials, using props appropriate to be understood by students, giving assignments to students to come forward to report the results of their discussions, in turn, providing guidance to students who do not understand, and giving homework as an exercise.

2. Implementation Procedure

In carrying out the improvement of mathematics learning, the theme of the main topic of arithmetic operations is integers in collaboration with colleagues to observe the teaching and learning process from beginning to end. Then the author and colleagues plan an improvement that is considered necessary.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. Results

After conducting an assessment of the acquisition of students' scores on learning improvement, it showed an increase in the acquisition of scores. This increase is in the form of an increase in individual value acquisition as well as an increase in overall value improvement.

B. Description of Findings and Reflections

After repairs are made, the value of in children increases the score below the KKM is only 5 students with a percentage of 17 percent, the value of 60 is only 17 percent. It turned out to be dominated by a score of 70 which reached 45 percent. This is still unsatisfactory because there are still some students who do not understand the material. After the teacher made reflections and findings in the field, the obstacles that occurred were the lack of teaching aids, because it is only for groups, some children only see their friends working and some just play and talk or just join in.

C. Discussion

At the beginning of learning, there are 8 students with a percentage of 27.5 percent who do not reach the KKM. This is due to the use of boring learning tools so that students are bored and not interested in the lessons to be received. Then researchers make improvements to learning based on the problems that arise. Researchers made changes in the use of props from the number line replaced with the author's own invention, namely the number board. Students are enthusiastic when learning tools are displayed. The students looked enthusiastic and the students were happy to do the assignments given by the teacher. Based on the results of discussions with colleagues on the implementation of learning improvements carried out has increased. This is indicated by the presence of:

a. Increase in the value obtained by students

b. Reducing the number of students who are still below the KKM

c. In completing the practice questions faster than the time allotted.

Basically, a lot of improvement occurred in the classroom, but after the written test the teacher still found 5 students with a percentage of 17 percent who scored below the KKM. The success rate of using the number board in groups is still not effective. Therefore, the teacher and colleagues agreed to carry out cycle 2 on the day of Wednesday, 24 May 2019 7 . Teachers and colleagues try to revise the existing lesson plans in the core activity section. The teacher maximizes the preparation and presentation of teaching aids. Teaching aids are used as the main material for learning, so students can try the teaching aids given individually. Without realizing it, students are able to understand the material based on their own experience from trying a number board tool to solving questions about integer arithmetic operations.

Seeing the results of the improvement in learning, there was a very significant change, so I as a class VI teacher discussed with my colleagues. The result decided that there was no need to improve learning in cycle 3 because of the quality of the cycle the average class was 67.5 to 76 in cycle 2. Only 2 students out of 29 students did not reach the KKM. If the percentage of success using individual props in cycle 2 has reached 76 percent. Based on these data, improvements in cycle 3 were not carried out.

CONCLUSION SUGGESTIONS AND FOLLOW-UP

A. Conclusion

From the results of improved learning, the values obtained by students are quite varied. We can observe this through the experiences we experience during the learning process. These experiences include the lack of seriousness of students in participating in learning, environmental conditions near the market, and the work background of parents as traders, so that it affects students in participating in teaching and learning activities at school, due to the lack of parental attention to their children. unfavorable economy. These things affect the slow understanding of students when the teacher conveys the lesson. Therefore it can be concluded:

a. Students need individual guidance

b. Demanding perseverance in carrying out learning

c. The need for broad insight and knowledge about the condition of each student, as well as careful planning and good preparation before learning.

d. Demanding the teacher to deliver learning materials in a way that makes students feel interested and given the opportunity for students to carry out and express a problem encountered in learning with the guidance and direction of the teacher and given homework.

e. A significant increase from 29 children whose scores were below the KKM to 2 students, indicates that learning mathematics about adding integers has been understood together.

B. Suggestions And Follow Up

From the results of the research above, teachers are required to develop their abilities in various ways. For example, by reading a lot about the world of education or by gathering colleagues in the office to discuss various problems with students. Teachers are no longer allowed to feel prestige asking colleagues even though they are younger than them.

The government has provided various incentives and welfare for teachers, of course with the hope that more funds from the government can be used to develop their knowledge, maybe with lectures or seminars. In addition, the government hopes that our education world will be better and our younger generation will be ready as a baton in managing this nation and country. Let's compete to develop ourselves in various simple educational institutions such as in the KKG, This is an opportunity for the teacher to convey all the difficulties regarding learning activities in their respective schools.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Muhsetyo, Gatot et al. (2015). Elementary Mathematics Learning. Banten. Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education Open University.

• Asrulkarim pgsd.blogspot.co.id/2013/09/pembelajaran math-di-school.html.

• http: // www.schooldasar.net/2013/08/media-pembelajaran-operation-count-integer.html# ixzz3nguJTWMS.

• Pakantondwilaksono.blogspot.co.id/2012/01/alat.peraga.matematika.operation-hitung.htm.

• Wapik web.org/article/detail/pembelajaran-mathematical-easy-learn-integer-numbers-with-plot-smart-AA-00371.php.

• https://Triliusrumana.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/word-seminar-pdf.

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APPLICATION OF THE DEMONSTRATION METHOD USING PROS TO INCREASE THE MATHEMATICS LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT OF CLASS IV STATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 005 SEBATIK BARAT

ABSTRACT

The subjects of this study were fourth-grade students of SD Negeri 005 Sebatik Barat, totaling 28 students with 18 male students and 10 female students. This research was conducted in 2 cycles. The results of the study showed that in student activity in the first cycle the percentage of achievement indicators was observed (63.4%) while in the second cycle the average student activity (86.9%). %) and the average value of the class (83.61) while in Cycle II the student's learning completeness reached 100% and the average value of the class in the second cycle was 93.

Thus, learning that is taught using the Demonstration Method Using Props can improve student activities and student learning outcomes.

Keywords: Demonstration Method, Teaching Aids, Learning Achievement

PRELIMINARY

Basic education as the first level of education in the school system in Indonesia has the aim of providing basic literacy, numeracy, knowledge, and other basic skills.

According to Suherman, et al (1995) in teaching and learning activities teachers must be able to explain concepts to students. This effort can be assisted with teaching aids because with the help of these tools that are in accordance with the topic being taught, concepts will be easier to understand more clearly.

Difficulties in learning mathematics are mainly caused by the special nature of mathematics which has abstract objects that can be said to be "opposite" to the intellectual development of students. Thus, it is easy to understand that there are always difficulties in learning mathematics at any time, therefore efforts to overcome them must and need to be carried out continuously with high patience (Ratini et al, 200).

The difficulty in learning mathematics was found by researchers at SD Negeri 005 West Sebatik. The learning process carried out still shows that mathematics learning is not optimal, teachers teach using conventional methods, namely the lecture method and expect students to sit, be quiet, take notes and memorize (3 DCH) so that teaching and learning activities (KBM) are monotonous and less attractive to students. In addition, teachers are less than optimal in utilizing the media and the use of teaching aids during the learning process.

Based on the results of the observation data obtained, it shows that student learning outcomes in learning mathematics on the subject of flat shapes in class IV semester 1 SD Negeri 005 Sebatik Barat have a very low score of 28 students, only 8 students (33.33%) who achieve the minimum completeness criteria ( 3KKM) which has been determined is 60, while 20 students who have not completed (66,67) mean that student learning outcomes individually and classically in this material have not succeeded because classical learning completeness has only reached 33.33%.

The background of the problem above encourages researchers to be able to make a positive contribution to improving student learning outcomes at SD Negeri 005 Sebatik Barat through the use of teaching aids so that it is expected to increase student interest in learning. Students will be happy to be interested and have a positive attitude towards learning Mathematics so that with this learning students are able to achieve optimal learning goals.

Learning is an activity Learning is a processing activity and is a very fundamental element in every level of education. In the whole educational process, learning activities are the most basic and important activities in the whole educational process.

Learning is a process or effort made by each individual to obtain a change in behavior both in the form of knowledge, skills, and positive attitudes and values as an experience to get a number of impressions from the material that has been studied. There are learning activities carried out at school, at home, and in other places such as in museums, in laboratories, in the forest, and anywhere else. Learning is a complex student action and behavior. As an action, learning is only experienced by students themselves and will be a determinant of whether or not the learning process occurs.

According to Vernon S. Gerlach & Donal P. Ely ( in Faisal, 2013) suggests that "learning is a change in behavior, while the behavior is an observable action. In other words, behavior is an observable action or result caused by an observable action or several actions.

Meanwhile, according to Gagne (in Fasial, 2013 ) learning is defined as " a process in which an organism changes its behavior due to an experience". Slameto ( in Faisal, 2013 ) states learning is "a business process carried out by a person to obtain a new behavior change as a whole, as a result of his own experience in interaction with his environment".

Furthermore, Abdillah ( in Faisal, 2013 ) concluded that "learning is a conscious effort made by individuals in changing behavior either through training and experience involving cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects to obtain certain goals".

Thus it can be concluded that learning is a change in the behavior of individuals who learn. The change is not only related to the addition of knowledge, but also in the form of skills, skills, attitudes, understanding, self-esteem, interests, character, adjustment. So, it can be said that learning is a series of physical and mental activities that lead to the development of the whole human person.

Mathematics learning will be meaningful for students if students are active in various ways to construct or build their own knowledge. Thus a formula, concept, or principle in mathematics, should be rediscovered by students under the guidance of the teacher. In particular, the problem-solving approach is the focus of learning mathematics. In every opportunity, learning mathematics begins with the introduction of problems that are appropriate to the situation ( cotextual problems).

According to Estiningsih (in Kartika, 2012) teaching aids are learning media that contain or present the characteristics of the concepts being studied. Teaching aids are one of the components that determine the effectiveness of learning. Teaching aids change abstract teaching materials into concrete and realistic ones. The provision of teaching aids is part of meeting the needs of students in learning, according to the type of student learning. For example blackboards, notebooks, and rectangular doors can serve as teaching aids when the teacher explains geometric shapes in rectangles. The main function of teaching aids is to reduce the abstraction of concepts so that children are able to capture the true meaning of the concepts being studied. By seeing, feeling, and manipulating props, children have real-life experiences about the meaning of concepts. Meanwhile, facilities are learning media whose main function is as a tool for learning. By using these facilities, it is expected to facilitate learning. Examples: blackboard, compass, ruler, assignment sheet (LT), worksheet (LK), and game tools.

Learning to use visual aids means optimizing the function of all five senses of students to increase the effectiveness of students learning by hearing, seeing, touching, and using their minds logically and realistically.

Teaching aids are used in learning Mathematics by applying the demonstration method using teaching aids.

RESEARCH METHODS

This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). PTK was first used by Kurt Kewin. CAR is one of the strategic ways for teachers to improve educational services that must be carried out in the context of classroom learning and improving the quality of school programs as a whole. This can be done considering the purpose of classroom action research is to improve and improve classroom learning practices on an ongoing basis. research subjects in this study were fourth-grade students at SDN 005 Sebatik Barat for the 2016/2017 academic year which amounts to 2 8 students, consisting of 18 male students and 10 female students.

The research will be conducted at SDN 005 Sebatik Barat, RT 0 2 Mantikas, Setabu Village. This classroom action research will be carried out in the fourth semester of Mathematics learning in the first semester of the 2016/2017 academic year.

The research instruments used are for the following reasons. 1). The test consists of a final test. The final test was carried out after the auction, the aim was to determine the cognitive abilities of students after following the learning process. The results of the final test of the cycle are then analyzed and reflected for improvement actions. 2). The observation sheet is the format of the student activity observation sheet arranged based on the implementation of mathematics learning activities contained in the lesson plan. This is intended to observe student activities in the form of personal skills or activities and the role of students during the learning process. Observations were carried out by the teacher and assisted by the observer.

The application of the demonstration method using teaching aids can improve student learning achievement in the material of Number Operations for fourth-grade students at SDN 005 Sebatik Barat with the following indicators. 1). Student activity in learning Mathematics increased with good criteria. 2). The learning completeness of fourth-grade students at SDN 005 Sebatik Barat classically reaches 85 % and individual learning completeness is 70.

RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Student learning outcomes with the subject matter of Measuring Angle with Non-Standard Units, and the subject of Measuring Angle with Standard Units, ended with an evaluation. During the learning process, the researcher collected data which was then analyzed. Research data is obtained in the form of observations of student activities and student learning outcomes. Observational data is taken from student activity which is used to determine student activity in learning by using the demonstration method using teaching aids. Results a test to determine the increase in student achievement after the action of learning is carried out using the demonstration method using teaching aids.

Implementation of Class Action Cycle I was held on 19 and 21 September 2016 with a total of 28 students. The teaching and learning process refers to the lesson plans that have been prepared. Observation (observation) is carried out simultaneously with the implementation of teaching and learning.

In this cycle, the researcher acts as a teacher and is assisted by colleagues as observers. At the end of the teaching and learning process students are given evaluation questions with the aim of knowing the level of student success in the teaching and learning process that has been carried out.

The observation stage is carried out simultaneously with the implementation of the action. At this stage, the researcher was assisted by colleagues to observe the course of the first cycle of activities. There were two observational data obtained through the first cycle of observations, namely: 1). The results of observations about student activities., 2). Analysis of student evaluation results

Based on the observations, there were 18 students who got a score of 85-100 or 64.3% students got a score with very good criteria, 4 students got a score of 70-84 or 14.3% got a score with good criteria. Meanwhile, students whose grades do not meet the minimum completeness criteria (KKM) are 6 students or 21.4%, thus classical learning completeness in the cycle has not been achieved in accordance with what has been set, namely 85%.

In the implementation of teaching and learning activities, information is obtained from the observations as follows: 1) Student activity is still lacking in participating in learning, 2) Students are still afraid to ask questions during learning activities, 3) Students are still hesitant to answer the teacher's questions, 4) Complete learning classically only reached 78.57%. Based on the results of the reflection, the researcher was still not satisfied with the results obtained in the first cycle. Therefore, the researchers continued the research to the second cycle.

Implementation of Class Action Cycle 2 was held on 26 and 28 September 2016 in class IV with a total of 28 students. The teaching and learning process refers to the lesson plan implementation by paying attention to the results of the reflection in the first cycle, so that mistakes or deficiencies in the first cycle do not occur again in the second cycle. Observation (observation) is carried out simultaneously with the implementation of teaching and learning.

The observation stage is carried out simultaneously with the implementation of the action. At this stage, the researcher was assisted by colleagues as observers who were in charge of observing the activities of cycle II. There are two observational data obtained through observation cycle II, namely: 1). Analysis of student evaluation results, 2). The results of observations about student activities.

In the teaching and learning activities in cycle II which were carried out by the teacher by applying to learn using the demonstration method using visual aids, the students received quite a good response, this can be seen from the increasing percentage of achievement of the five indicators observed.

Based on the observations in the second cycle, it is known that there are 25 students who get a score of 85-100 or 89.3% of students gets a score with very good criteria, 3 students get a score of 70-84 or 10.7% gets a score with good criteria. Mastery learning classically in the second cycle reached 100%, thus the research objectives have been achieved in the second cycle.

At this stage, what has been done well in the teaching and learning process can be described as follows: 1) During the teaching and learning process it has been carried out well, 2) Based on the data from the observation of student activities, it is known that students are active during the learning process, 3) Disadvantages in the previous cycles there have been improvements and improvements so that it becomes better, 4) Student learning outcomes have increased quite significantly from cycle I to cycle II.

Based on the results of descriptive data analysis, the implementation of the demonstration method using teaching aids showed an increase in student activity and an increase in student learning outcomes. In accordance with the formulation of the problem, and based on the results of data collection and data analysis, two things can be discussed, namely: 1) Increasing student activity in cycle I and cycle II, and 2) Increasing student learning outcomes in cycle I and cycle II.

The average percentage of student activity achievement in the first cycle was 76%, then in the second cycle, it increased to 90%. Thus it can be concluded that the use of the demonstration method using teaching aids can increase student activity in learning mathematics.

Based on the results of data analysis cycle I and cycle II, it is known that there is an increase in student learning outcomes explained that learning Mathematics with the demonstration method using teaching aids can improve student learning outcomes. We can see this from student learning outcomes which have increased from cycle I to cycle II. In the first cycle, students who scored 85-100 were 18 students, then in the second cycle, they increased to 25 students. Students who scored 70-84 in the first cycle were 4 students than in the second cycle it decreased to 3 students, students whose scores had not reached the KKM in the first cycle were 6 students then in the second cycle all students had reached the KKM or completed 100%. The average value of the class in the first cycle was 83.61 then in the second cycle, it increased to 93 or increased by 9.4 points.

CONCLUSION

Based on the results of the research that has been presented for two cycles, the results of all the discussions and analyzes that have been carried out can be concluded as follows: The application of the demonstration method using teaching aids in learning mathematics can improve the learning achievement of fourth-grade students at SDN 005 Sebatik Barat. The application of the demonstration method using teaching aids in mathematics learning can increase the learning activities of fourth-grade students at SDN 005 Sebatik Barat.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Anonymous, 2011. Books Beginner/Elementary Elementary School Mathematics Instructions. Bekasi: PT. Grand Sains.

Arikunto, Suharsimi. 2002. Research Procedures A Practical Approach. Yogyakarta: Rineka Cipta.

Department of Education and Culture, 2002.   GBPP Mathematics Subject 

Faisal, Muhammad. 2013. Definition of Learning and Learning. (online). http://ichaledutech.blogspot.com/2013/03/pengertian-belajar-pengertian.html. accessed on 17 April 2013.

Karso et al, 2003 " Mathematics Education I Jakarta Open University"

Musaini, 2011. Improving Student Learning Outcomes In Science Learning (Green Plants) Using SEQIP K IT IPA Teaching Aids Assisted by ICT Learning Media in Class V SDN 002 Sebatik Barat. Essay.

Nasution, Noehi. 2008. Teaching Evaluation. First edition. Jakarta Open University.

Nur, Taslim. 2007. Application of problem-solving learning combined with cooperative Jigsaw to improve the process, learning outcomes, and student responses to the concept of the ecosystem in class X SMA Negeri 3 Ternate in the 2006/2007 school year. Thesis. Malang State University, Malang.

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